Adding-machine.



PATENTED AUG. 16, 1904. R. GORBIN.

ADDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 20, 1904. N0 MODEL.

2 SHBETS-SHEBT 1,

WITNESSES.-

N VE N TOR fiayaz ATTORNEY PATENTBD AUG. 16, 1904.

R. GORBIN.

ADDING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED APR. 20, 1904.

N0 MODEL.

INVE/VTUR fiyal (21"52'70 WITNESSES:

ATTORNEYS UNITED STATES Patented August 16, 1904.

ROYAL CORBIN, OF PLATTSBURG, NEWV YORK.

ADDING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 767,871, dated August16, 1904.

Application fil d April 20, 1904.. Serial No. 204,032. (No model.)

To 0]] Iv/1,07 it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROYAL CoRBIN, a citizen of the United States, and aresident of Plattsburg, in the county of Clinton and State of New York,have invented a new and Improved Adding-Machine, of which the followingis a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to a simple construction of adding-machine capableof being held in one hand--the left hand, for instance-and which isconveniently and readily operated by a pencil or stylus held in theother hand to effect an addition of a column of figures and show thecorrect aggregate of each column added or to effect a reversal of themechanism, thereby, for example, restoring the various dials quickly andaccurately to their normal positions, at which time the zero on each ofthe dials will be presented to properlydisposed openings in the casingof the device, at which openings the numerals are likewise presented atproper times which indicate the sum of the addition.

A further purpose of the invention is to provide an operative mechanismconsisting practically of but three parts-a master unit wheel or dialand a wheel or dial representing tens and hundreds and a pawl for thecombined tens and hundreds wheel or dial, which normally locks thelatter wheel or dial and is operated at predetermined intervals by therotation of the master unit wheel or dial as it releases the pawl fromthe combined tens and hundreds wheel or disk, acts upon the latter toturn it one point or numeral when the machine is operated for addingpurposes, or wherein at any time both wheels or dials may be moved bythe rotation of one in a backward direction to restore them to theirnormal or zero position.

Another purpose of the invention is to provide means whereby themaster-wheel may be turned by the pencil or stylus exteriorly applied,so as to turn it and the master-wheel at proper time to effect theaddition of succeeding numbers and present the total at the reading-faceof the casing.

A further purpose of the invention is to provide such a construction ofthe device that the master-wheel may be controlled by the thumb of theoperator while the device is in operation.

The invention consists in the novel construction and combination of theseveral parts, as will be hereinafter fully set forth, and pointed outin the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar characters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the improved adding-machine,illustrating the manner in which it is designed to be held in the hand.Fig. 2 is a plan view of the improved adding-machine, the members beingin their normal position, or in the same position as illustrated inFig. 1. Fig. 3 is an edge view of the improved adding-machine, a partbeing in section to show more fully the construction of the casing. Fig.at is a plan view of the improved adding-machine, the parts being in theposition shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the front or reading plate having beenremoved. Fig. 5 is an outer face view of the master unitswheel. Fig. 6is a rear view of the same wheel, a portion of the cam at the back facethereof being shown broken away; and Fig. 7 is a vertical section takenpractically on the line 7 7 of Fig. 6.

The casing A and, in fact, all of the parts are preferably made of metaland a metal which is as light as possiblefor example, aluminium. Thesaid casing consists of a rear plate a, a front or reading plate a, andan interposed marginal supportingrib a These plates are preferably moreor less tapering at their sides, the lower portions of the body of theplates being narrower than the upper portions of their bodies, asillustrated in Figs. 1, 2, and 4. The rear plate a is pro vided at itsupper edge with a central arched or segmental extension 10, which doesnot extend to the side edges of said plate, thus producing at the upperside portions of the plate horizontal shoulders 11 and 11. (Shown bestin Fig. 4.) The marginal or spacing section (0 extends around themarginal portion of the body of the back plate corresponding to theequivalent portion of the body of the front or reading plate a, and atthe upper right- I hand end of the spacing-section a? a lip 12 isformed, which extends beyond the right-hand shoulder 11, and the upperexposed inner edge portion of this lip is more or less concaved, so asto temporarily receive and hold 15, preferably of circular construction,and

this opening extends half-way within the body er the said front plate aand half-way within the said extension 1 1, as is shown in Figs. 1 and2.

-'Above the opening. 15 in the front face of the' extension 14: from thefront or reading Body-plate a a series of numerals 16 is produced,reading from the right in direction of the left, and the reading of thenumerals is from O to 9, inclusive. The said numerals are spaced anequal distance apart, as is shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

Preferably just below the central portion of the opening 15 an apertureor side opening 17 is made in the front or reading plate a of the casingA, and lower down a corresponding opening or aperture 18 is made, as isshown in Figs. 1 and 2. At these apertures or openings 17 and 18 theresult of the addition is read. The circular opening 15 gives the thumbof the operator access to the outer sur face of the master-wheel, sothat said wheel is under perfect control.

The sections of the body A, just described, are connected by'means ofsuitable screws 19 or their equivalents, which extend through the frontor reading plate a and through suitable apertures 19, formed'in thespacing-section (0 and these screws 19 or equivalent devices employedare carried through the back plate a, as is shown in Fig. 3.

In connection with. the casing A, I employ what 1 term a'masterunits-wheel B and a wheel (J, which expresses tens and hundreds.

These wheels are located one below the other, the master units-wheelbeing the uppermost wheel and overlapping the combined tens and hundredswheel. The master units-wheel is provided with a series of numeralsreading in a double sequence from O to 9, and the two ciphers in thearrangement of the numerals are opposite each other. These numerals aredesignated in the drawings by the reference-letter b.

At the center of the master units-wheel an opening 21 is made ofcircular formation adapted to receive a stud 21*, which stud exrendsoutward and forward from the central portion of the circular opening 15in the front section to of the casing, as is particularly shown in Figs.1 and 2. The units masterwheel B is adapted to turn loosely on this stud21, as is clearly indicated in .the drawings. A series of teeth 20 inthe nature of ratchetteeth are formed at the periphery of the masterunits wheel B, and these teeth are so grouped that one will bepractically opposite each numeral on the said wheel, the numeralsappearing only on the front face of the wheel. The teeth will inclinefrom the right in direction of the left of the said wheel, and theirleft-hand edges are more or less straight.

A disk 22 is secured to the back portion of the master units-wheel atits central portion, and this disk is provided with a central opening21", which is in registry with the opening 21 in the master-wheelproper. The disk 22 is of much less diameter than the diameter of themaster-wheel B and, as is shown in Fig. 6, is provided with oppositerecesses 23 and 2 1, the barrier or transverse walls of which recessesare oppositely located, as is also shown in Fig. 6. This disk 22"may betermed a cam-disk, as the said disk, in connection with a pawl to bementioned, regulates the movement of the combined tens and hundreds diskor wheel C.

The disk 22 is secured to the master-wheel B, preferably by means ofsuitable rivets 25, although other means may be employed for thepurpose, and between the cam-disk 22 and the master units-wheel B, Ilocate usually a strip 26 of metal apertured to correspond to theapertures 21 and 21 in the wheel B and its disk 22, and the ends 27 ofthis strip extend beyond the cam-disk 22, and such ends are contractedand are in the form of teeth, being located between the respectivenumerals 9 ant O on the master units-wheel, but at the back thereof, ashas been stated.

The combined tens and hundreds wheel C is mounted to turn on a stud 28,which is below the periphery of the master units-wheel B, and thiscombined tens and hundreds wheel 0 is flat, so that when in position onthe stud 28 the peripheral portion of the master unitswheel will passover its front face.

On the front face of the combined tens and units wheel C numerals 0 areproduced, reading consecutively from -O to 19, inclusive, and the saidcombined tens and hundreds wheel C is provided with peripheral teeth 29,more or less triangular. Atooth 29 is opposite each numeral on thewheel, the numerals being produced near the peripheral portion of thewheel, as is shown in Fig. L.

A pawl 30 is employed to coact with the teeth of the wheels B and C, andthis pawl between its center and its upper end is mounted'to turn on astud 31 at the right-hand side of the pivot of the master units-wheel,and the stud 31 is secured to the back body-plate Fig. 1. The 30 isinclined in and is provided adapted to engage with the peripheralportion of the said cam-disk, while the lower and longer member of thepawl 30 is provided with a head 30 adapted to engage with the toothedperipheral surface of the combined tons and units wheel C, so as toenter the spaces between thelsaid teeth and prevent the latter wheelfrom shifting from its set position.

The numerals on the master units-wheel appear at the opening 17 in thefront plate a of the casing, While the numerals on the combined tens andunits wheel C appear at the lower opening 18, also produced in the frontplate of the casing. Prior to the use of the machine, or in the normalposition of the two wheels B and (J, a cipher will appear at both of theopenings 17 and 18, as is illustrated.

An opening 32 is produced in the master units-wheel B, removed a desireddistance from its center, and this opening 32 extends through the saidwheel and its attached parts from one face to the other and is of suchsize as to readily receive the end of a pencil or stylus of any suitabledescription.

In the operation of this ad ding-machine, the wheels having beenproperly set by turning the master units-wheel to the left, so as tobring a cipher at the opening 17 and through the connection of saidmaster-wheel with the combined tens and hundreds wheel C causing at thesame time a cipher to appear at the lower opening 18, if it is desiredto add five to seven, the device being held in the left hand, as shownin Fig. 1, it is simply necessary to place the stylus or pencil in thespace between two teeth on the master or units wheel B adjacent to thefigure 5, which is on the front scale 16 of the front of the easing, andthen the pencil or stylus is forced to the right, revolving themaster-wheel five points, and when such revolution has been made thepencil or stylus will strike the lefthand shoulder 13 and will beprevented from accidentally slipping from the shoulder by means of theprojection or horn 12, heretofore referred to and forming a portion ofthe spacing-strip a of the casing. Next the stylus or pencil is placedin the space between the two teeth of the master-wheel adjacent to thenumeral 7, and then the master-wheel is again revolved to the rightthrough the medium of the pencil or stylus until the pencil or stylusshall have reached the right-hand shoulder 13 on the casing and will beagain prevented from slipping therefrom by the horn or projection 12.hen the master units-wheel was first revolved, the numeral 5 wasrendered visible at the opening 17; but after the second partialrevolution of the master units-wheel the figure 2 will appear at theupper opening 17 and the numeral 1 at the lower a of the casing, as isshown in upper portion of the pawl direction of the cam-disk 22 with ahead 30*,

opening 18, reading 12f which is the sum of seven and live, the numeral1 the lower wheel and the tor-wheel B.

It will be observed, as stated, that there are two series of numerals onthe master unitswheel, reading each from O to 9, inclusive, whereas thecombined tens and hundreds wheel Chas produced thereon numerals readingfrom 0 to 19, inclusive, and at each half-revolution of the masterunits-wheel B the combined tens and hundreds wheel U is turned onetooth. This is accomplished in the following manner: Vhen one-half ofthe revolution of the master units-wheel B has been made, the upper head30 of the pawl 30 will be opposite one or the other of the depressions23 and 24' in the cam-disk 22. Consequently the lower head 30" of thesaid pawl is free to pass out from its position between adjacent teethin the lower or combined tens and hundreds wheel C, and just at thistime one point 27, extending at the rear of the master units-wheel, willenter the space between adjacent teeth of the wheel C, presented to it,as is shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1, and will consequently move thesaid wheel U the distance of one tooth, and at that time the upper head30 of the pawl 30 will have ridden out of the recess or depression inwhich it was located to the plain peripheral portion of the cam-disk 22,thereby forcing the lower head 30" into the most convenient spacebetween opposing teeth on the lower wheel C, preventing the latter wheelfrom moving until the upper or master units-wheel has again made ahalf-revolution.

It will be understood that the master unitswheel B must be turned acertain number of times to bring the cipher on the disk C at the openingin the casing after an addition has been made--as, for example, if thedisk C stood at 16 in order to reset both disks to Zero the masterunits-wheels would have to be turned eight times; but it will beunderstood that the gear connections between the disk 0 and the masterunits-wheel B may be so made as to accomplish the aforesaid resultwithout so many turns of the master units-wheel.

This device is exceedingly simple in its construction. It comprises butfew parts and is being on 2" on the masab solutely perfect withreference to calculation. It can be readily and quickly manipulated, infact as rapidly as numbers can be read by or dictated to a personcontrolling the device.

Having thus described my invention, 1 claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent- 1. In adding-machines, a casing having an uppersegmental section and a shoulder at each side of said section, a masterunitswheel mounted to revolve within the casing and having its centralportion exposed for contact by the thumb of the operator, a combinedtens and hundreds wheel likewise mounted to revolve in the casing, eachwheel being provided with numerals upon its reading-face, and peripheralteeth corresponding innumber and practically in location to the said nuvmerals, the peripheral teeth of the master units-wheel extending beyondthe upper segmental section of the casing and being visible at the saidshoulders, a pawl adapted for normal engagement with the combined tensand hundreds wheel and released from said engagement by the master-wheelat a point in its revolution, the said master units-wheel being providedwith an inner point which at the time of such release engages with thecombined tens and hundreds wheel to move the latter one numeral.

2. In an adding-machine, a casing, a master units-wheel mounted torevolve in the casing and having a portion of its periphery exposed, themaster units-wheel being provided with numerals on its outer facereading from O to 9 inclusive, and a point on its outer face locatedbetween the numerals 0 and 9, a cam-disk located on the rear face of themaster units-wheel having a recess therein, a combined tens and hundredswheel also mounted to revolve in the casing and having a series ofnumerals thereon, teeth at the periphery of both wheels, locatedopposite the numerals thereon, and a pawl pivoted in the casing, h avingengagement with the said cam-disk and with the toothed periphery of thecombined tens and hundreds wheel, the said master units-wheel beingprovided with an opening therein at one side of its center, adapted toreceive a stylus or pencil, whereby the said wheel may be revolved inone direction, the same stylus or pencil being adapted for engagementwith the teeth of the said master units-wheel to turn it in an operativeor working position, and shoulders formed on the upper portion of thesaid casing, limiting the movement of the stylus or pencil when inoperative engagem ent with the said master unitswheel, as described.

3. In an adding-machine, a casing, a combined tens and units wheelmounted to revolve units-wheel, the master units-wheel being providedwith an opening at one side of its center to receive a stylus or pencilto impart movement thereto in one direction, and with a series ofinclined peripheral teeth, together with numerals reading in two series,each from O to 9 inclusive, the teeth on the periphery of themaster-wheel corresponding in number to the numerals thereon, and acamdisk located at the rear of said master unitswheel, having opposingrecesses in its periphery and points extending from the back of thecam-disk in a radial direction, the points being located so as to beopposite the space between the numerals O and 9, and a pawl having anupper and a lower head, which pawl is pivoted in the casing, the upperhead riding on the periphery of said cam-disk and the lower head beingin engagement with the periphery of the combined tens and hundredswheel, said casing being provided with a main opening in its front,exposing the opening in the master-wheel, and with a lower side openingadapted to expose the numerals on the two wheels, together with a scalereading from O to 9 at the upper portion of the main opening, thespacing of the numerals on the scale corresponding to the spacing of theperipheral teeth on the master Wheel, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing Witnesses.

ROYAL GORBIN.

lVitnesses:

FRANK C. AGNEW, CHARLES J. VERT.

